Evaluation of the Attitudes of Users Towards Youth Centers in Turkey

This is an assessment of the Youth Centers (YC) of the Ministry of Youth and Sports (MYS) in Turkey. The users evaluated the youth centers considering the physical environments as well as the activities and programs offered by the centers in educational, pedagogical, social, psychological, physiological and relaxing terms. The sample of the study consists of YC users in Diyarbakır, Kırıkkale, Kocaeli, Trabzon, and Van. A total of 561 volunteers, 359 (64%) of whom were women and 202 (36%) were men, (mean age 16-19 (38.5%)) participated in the study voluntarily. In addition to the personal information form, as the data collection tool, a scale designed by the researchers for the measurement of users’ attitudes towards youth centers was employed. The scale was developed from the “Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS) designed by Beard and Ragheb (1980). When the results regarding the attitudes of users towards YCs were evaluated, the highest mean was found to be in the psychological sub-factor (x = 3.84 ± 1.11). The results of the T-test analysis showed that male users evaluated the YCs more positively than female users in the physiological sub-factor (p<0,05). ANOVA and Tukey analyses were performed to see whether there were significant differences between the provinces where the research was conducted. The users in Kırıkkale and Kocaeli, in general, have more positive attitudes towards educational, social, relaxing, physiological aspects of the programs and activities and physical environments of the youth centers than those in Van and Trabzon particularly (p<0,05)

Investigation of High Energy Single Pulse Effect on Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) Process on Aluminium

Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) was applied by using high-energy anodic/cathodic pulses with various pulse durations. Anodic and cathodic pulse couples were kept at a constant voltage of 500 volts. Energy of each pulse increased with increasing duration of pulses. Since the aim of the present study was to investigate effect of pulse durations on MAO processing, other processing parameters such as duty cycle (8%), electrolyte temperature (25±5 °C), electrolyte composition (KOH, Na2SiO3.5H2O), process time (20 minutes), anodic pulse voltage, cathodic pulse voltage and chemical composition of substrate were all kept constant. Five different anodic and cathodic pulse durations were applied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), indenter, profilometer, eddy current and X-ray diffractometer were employed to investigate the microstructure, hardness, surface roughness, coating thickness and phase distribution of the coatings. Varying of pulse duration occurred significant differences among coating specifications. Coating layers with thickness between 50-90 μm and surface roughness between 3.1-5.2 μm were obtained. The hardness of coating layers was between 800-2000 Vickers. Coatings consist of two sub-layers, inner dense layer and outer porous layer, which were a mixture of γ-Al2O3 and α- Al2O3

The asymmetry in the effects of defense spending shocks on economy : an emprical analysis for Turkey

Ankara : The Department of Management, The Institute of Economics adn Social Sciences of Bilkent University, 2005.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2005.Includes bibliographical references leaves 56-60.Yılmaz, OrhanM.S

Evaluation of the relationship between stylohyoid complex morphology and maxillary/mandibular position using cone beam computed tomography

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the morphologic features of the stylohyoid complex (SHC) and its relation to maxillomandibular position using three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and methods: CBCT images from 157 individuals (74 females, 83 males) were analysed in this study. SHC length, width, and sagittal and transverse angles were measured. The subjects were grouped as skeletal class I, II, and III in order to determine the relative positions of the maxilla and mandible in the sagittal plane and as hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent according to the vertical rotation of the mandible in relation to the skull base. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean SHC length was 23.56 ± 8.05 mm on the right side and 22.0 ± 6.51 mm on the left; mean SHC width was 3.31 ± 1.40 mm on the right and 2.93 ± 1.30 mm on the left. Mean sagittal angle was 27.43 ± 6.75° on the right side, 27.70 ± 6.51° on the left; mean transverse angle was 70.39 ± 4.59° on the right side and 71.79 ± 4.99° on the left. The only significant difference based on skeletal classification was greater SHC length among males compared to females in the class III group (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: No significant relationship was observed between SHC morphology and position of the maxilla or mandible. However, the gender difference observed among class III subjects suggests that SHC morphology may be affected by craniofacial morphology. Maxillofacial surgeons should investigate this anatomical landmark variation before surgical interventions involving this region, such as temporomandibular joint procedures

Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of traditional Kirklareli meatballs with added cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) flour

The effects of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) flour on some physical, chemical, textural and sensory properties of Kirklareli meatballs were investigated. For this purpose, cowpea flour was added to the traditional Kirklareli meatball formulation in four different proportions (2, 4, 6 and 8%). As a result of the analysis on cowpea flour; pH, water activity (a(w)), moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, acidity, starch, total dietary fiber, total monounsaturated fatty acids, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, total unsaturated fatty acids and total saturated fatty acids were found as 6.25, 0.52, 10.20, 20.35, 0.53, 2.94, 65.43%, 0.06, 45.09, 20.90, 5.86, 59.88, 65.74 and 34.26%, respectively. Depending on the increase in incorporation rate of cowpea flour, changes in L* (43,40-53,88), b* (13,92-18,11), pH (5,83-5,94), a(w) (0,96-0,98), moisture (44,03-50,63%), protein (17,70-21,89%), fat (19,49-22,97%), carbohydrate (6,77-12,11%), salt (1,28-1,74%), total dietary fiber (2,81-5,08%) values of the raw samples and a* (5,64-9,44), b* (9,77-18,06), moisture (39,27-45,24%), protein (19,92-23,45%), fat (23,08-26,19%), carbohydrate (5,92-11,30%), total dietary fiber (3,28-5,40%) values of the cooked Kirklareli meatball samples were statistically significant (P 0.05). Total saturated, total unsaturated and trans fatty acid contents of cowpea flour added meatball samples were significantly (P < 0.05) different from the control samples. In the sensory analysis, meatball samples with 4% cowpea flour received the highest general acceptability score. According to the obtained data, cowpea flour can be added up to 4% on basic meat values without changing the textural and sensory properties of Kirklareli meatballs. Cowpea flour could be added as a functional ingredient in meatballs

Endovascular treatment of femoro-popliteal artery stenosis/obstruction using a repositionable self-expanding nitinol stent: a preliminary study

Introduction. The aim of this study was to report our preliminary results regarding the use of the repositionable self-expanding nitinol stent in a cohort of patients with femoro-popliteal artery occlusion/stenosis. Material and methods. The study groups consisted a total of 8 patients (10 extremities) between 47 and 70 years of age who presented with typical symptoms of intermittent claudication and/or critical limb ischaemia (Fontaine stage II–IV) and underwent primary elective superficial femoral artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and/or stenting using a Jaguar repositionable self-expanding nitinol stent in the dates of 2013–2015. Information for patency at 6th month after the stenting procedure was obtained. Results. The mean operation time was 38.56 ± 26.40 minutes. No patients had procedure-related stent fracture, distal thromboembolism, haematoma, femoral pseudoaneurysm or stent occlusion. At 6-month follow-up, at least one categorical improvement was observed in 7 patients (87.5% of intent-to-treat population). Conclusions. The Jaguar self-expanding nitinol stent has several technical advantages, and its use was associated with a low risk of complications. Further study is warranted to establish its superiority in providing good long-term patency

Pigeon breeding (columba livia) in Turkey from past to present

Gerçekleştirilen bu derleme çalışmasında, güvercin ile ilgili bazı temel bilgilerin bir araya getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Güvercin ilk evcilleştirilen kuş olarak bilinmektedir. Evcil güvercin 6.000 yıl veya daha fazla bir süredir farklı amaçlar için yetiştirilmektedir. Bazısı farklı uçma stilleri için yetiştirilen çok değişik güvercin ırkları bulunmaktadır. Güvercinler yetiştirilme amaçlarına göre dalıcı, taklacı, makaracı, dönücü, filo uçucusu, yüksek uçucu, posta, süs ve ötücü olmak üzere gruplandırılabilir. Güvercin, Türk kültüründe nadiren olumsuz ama genellikle olumlu bir role sahip olmuştur. Türkler Müslüman olduktan sonra, güvercin Türk kültüründe kutsal bir yere yerleştirilmiştir. Bütün evcil güvercinler yenilebilmesine rağmen, Türkler güvercin etini nadiren tüketirler. Günümüzde süs ve uçuş özellikleri için yetiştirilen güvercinlerin çok az miktarı beslenmek amacıyla kullanılmasına karşın güvercin eti gelecekte insanlık için stratejik bir gıda maddesi olabilecek potansiyele sahiptir.This study was carried out to gather some basic pigeon information. Pigeon is known the bird which is the first domesticated. Domestic pigeon (Columba livia) has been bred for various purposes for six thousand years or more. Various forms of the Domestic pigeon exist which some of pigeons are bred for their flying abilities. They can be grouped related with their husbandry purpose as diver, tumbler (somersaulter), roller, spinner, fleet flier, high flier, racing homer, show and singer type pigeon breeds. Pigeon has always been an important figure in Turkish culture. Pigeon has generally been in positive role, but rarely negative role in Turkish culture. After Turks has become Muslim, pigeon has been niches in a holy place in Turkish culture. Although all domestic pigeons are edible, Turks rarely consume pigeon meat. Most of today's show and flying ability forms are seldom bred for food, but pigeon meat can be a strategic food source for human in the future

REASONS FOR PATIENT DISSATISFACTION WITH RECENTLY PRESCRIBED SPECTACLES

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kliniğimize yakın zamanda aldıkları gözlüklerinden memnun olmadığı için başvuran hastaların gözlüklerinden memnuniyetsizlik nedenleri ve çö- züm yolları irdelendi. Yöntemler: Mart 2012 ile eylül 2012 arasında başka bir merkezde veya merkezimizde reçete edilen yakın zamanda yaptırdığı gözlüklerinden memnun olmayan 16 yaş üstü 96 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu kapsamda hastaların ayrıntılı anamnezleri alındı, genel oftalmolojik muayenesi yapıldı. Bulgular: 96 vakanın, 20'si progresif gözlüklere bağlı sorun yaşayan, 12'si nükleer katarakta bağlı psödomiyopisi olan, 10'u mesleği, alışkanlıkları ve uzak görme kusuru dikkate alınmadan yakın düzeltme yapılan, 10'u eksenleri birbirine paralel olmayan astigmatizması olup ilk defa düzeltme yapılmasına rağmen tam düzeltme yapılan ya da eski gözlüğüne göre fazla değişim yapılan, 8'i anizometropisi yeterince düzeltilmeyen ya da eski gözlüğüne göre fazla değişim yapılan, 7'si genç, miyopik olup gereğinden yüksek diyoptri düzeltme yapılan, 7'si hipermetropik olup gereğinden yüksek diyoptri düzeltme yapılan, 6'sı tanı konmamış diabete sekonder yüksek kan şekeri değerlerinin sebep olduğu geçici miyopisi olan, 4'ü antidepresan tedavi alan ve bu nedenle ortaya çıkan uyum zorluğunu dikkate almadan yakın düzeltme yapılan, 4'ü bir gözü çeşitli nedenlerle ya da ambliyopi nedeniyle az görmesine rağmen çok odaklı gözlük reçete edilen, 4'ü cihaz miyopisi nedeniyle hatalı olarak miyopik düzeltme yapılmış olan, 2'si çift görmeden ya da tek gözleriyle iyi görürken iki gözle bulanık görmeden şikayetçi olup; gözden kaçan heteroforya tespit edilen, 2'si monoküler olup gözlük çerçevesi çok küçük verilen hastalardı. Sonuç: Refraksiyon muayenesi tüm göz hekimlerinin üzerinde özenle durması ve yeterince zaman ayırması gereken önemli bir muayenedir. Objective: We aimed to determine the causes of dissatisfaction patients who were unhappy with their recently prescribed spectacles. Methods: Ninety-six patients over the age of sixteen were admitted to our clinic for dissatisfacion with their recently prescribed spectacles included in this study. Results: 20 had problems with progressive spectacles, pseudomyopia due to nuclear sclerosis were determined in 12 patients, 10 were unhappy with their near spectacles because that was given without taking their profession and reading habits into consideration, 10 were prescribed their first spectacles with full correction for oblique astigmatism or with excessive correction for astigmatism compared to their previous spectacles, 8 had inadequately corrected anisometropia or corrected regardless of their previous spectacles, 7 were young myopic patients who were assigned a higher dioptric power, 7 were hypermetropic patients who were assigned a higher dioptric power, transient myopia that was caused by undiagnosed diabetes was determined in 6 patients, 4 were on antidepressant therapy and prescribed near-vision spectacles without considering associated accommodation difficulty, 4 were prescribed multifocal spectacles despite having less vision in one eye because of amblyopia or other reasons, 4 were mistakenly prescribed myopic correction due to instrumental myopia, 2 case complained from diplopia or blurred vision with both eyes while seeing well with either eye alone as well as unnoticed heterophoria, 2 patients had monoculer who were given with too small frame. Conclusion: All ophthalmologists should devote sufficient time and diligent care for the refractive correction examination